Money In The Great Gatsby - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1182 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/03/26 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: The Great Gatsby Essay Did you like this example? F. Scott Fitzgeralds powerful use of setting in The Great Gatsby solely defines an individual based off of living accommodations, lifestyle and, most importantly, location. Despite an individuals motives, level of financial success and reach toward high society, it is proven impossible to fully experience the top of the social strata unless born into the lifestyle. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Money In The Great Gatsby" essay for you Create order Fitzgerald uses the city of New York and the east coast as a place of opportunity, where once wealth that all strive to have is earned, it can be flaunted in a number of ways. The people in New York who end in an unsuccessful attempt to catch wealth, end up in a place known as The Valley of Ashes. The moral decay of the Valley of Ashes separates the two successful branches of New York, known as West Egg and East Egg. West Egg holds those who were fully able to make the wealth they once dreamed of a reality, no matter the circumstances and moral decisions made to reach the money. West Egg holds the new money. East Egg is home to those who inherited the money they have, the old money, never having experienced the hardships to obtain money. The physical divide of living locations, lifestyles, and accomodations show how truly unapproachable the prestige and fashionable lifestyle of the old money in East Egg is to obtain if having not been born into the highest social strata. The East Coast acts as not only a symbol of economic success, but as a place where people can attempt to escape the bondage to the social strata one grew up in. Financial boundaries can be broken once welcomed into the bustling economy of the 1920s in New York. New York is described by Nick as a place where, anything can happen, now that weve slid over this bridge, I thought; anything at all'(Fitzgerald 69). In saying this the possibilities for financial prosperity are endless in a big city with a booming economy. No matter the geographic or financial background of a person, the place they come to make and earn themselves is full of opportunities for success if done correctly. There is also a change in societal views on where different people should stand in society. Nick says that he sees, a limousine pass [him], driven by a white chauffeur, in which sat three modish negroes, two bucks and a girl,(69). In New York, where everything is fast paced and business is constantly changing, not only is the possibility of financial prosperity a potential reality, societal roles are no longer fixed and limited to white males. New York is a city for advancement, but the power and standing of old money cannot be overridden. The two different halves of New York are East Egg and West Egg, holding very economically similar yet very different people of status. The people of West Egg have less experience with money and feel the need to flaunt it in gaudy extravagant ways. West Egg homes usually tend toward having less fashionable, bizarre taste with, tower[s] on one side, spanking new under a bed of ivy, and a marble swimming-pool, and more than forty acres of lawn and garden(5). The new money lifestyle lacks the status and connections to other people, so to compensate for a lack of connections and status, the largest houses are built with the most extravagant parties to catch the public eye and build a name for themselves. East Egg, meanwhile, holds those of old money, the more classy, traditional display of money, with houses that are, a cheerful red-and-white Georgian Colonial mansion overlooking the bay,(6). Those of East Egg do not feel the need to flaunt their money because the status everyone dreams o f has already been built for them through family. The people of East Egg will never view those in West Egg as equals because of the immoral business dealings those of West Egg participate in to earn their wealth. Although the financial status of the two different people in these places may be the same, the social class levels will never change because of where they began on the social ladder. While the economic growth of the nouveau riche is prominent, they will never exel to the class level of the old money because of the way money is acquired. One man who embodies this is, Jay Gatsby, of West Egg, Long Island, [who] sprang from his Platonic conception of himself. He was a son of God a phrase which, if it means anything, means just that and he must be about His Fathers business, the service of a vast, vulgar, and meretricious beauty, (98). Jay Gatsby came from God, or in other words, was created out of nothing. The economic growth of a person can not only lead to nicer material things, but also change in relationships and personality. The lifestyle of those in West Egg leads to nothing but a feeling of unfulfillment in having a lack of relationships with others. The missing relationships in life come from trying to impress the people at the top of the social ladder who will never truly accept the lifestyle they live. The reach for great amounts of material wealth get put before all else, consuming all things, no matter the people and relationships that are broken along the way. The business and economic status of people in the world holds greater power than that in finding meaningful relationships. The place where the people broken and stranded in the immoral business endeavors of those who enquire new money is known as The Valley of Ashes. The Valley of Ashes is described as, a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens; where ashes take the forms of houses and chimneys and rising smoke and, finally, with a transcendent effort, of men who move dimly and already crumbling through the powdery air, (23). This place represents all of the people who have been hurt and left behind by those on the hunt for wealth, still a relevant idea today. Not everyone can succeed in the attempt for the American Dream. Those who try, but are unsuccessful, are left to strug gle financially, and left in the Valley of Ashes. The setting alone shows how people can never fully experience the top of the social strata if that is not the place that they started. The place where an individual grows up plays a crucial role in the places that they will make it too. Despite ones efforts and ability to reach economic success, they will never be viewed in the same ways as those who inherited money. Those with new money will be degraded by those with old money because of the immoral ways they inherited money, the gaudy ways they decide to flaunt their money, and the attempt to build a relationship with the people with old money. The Great Gatsby is representative of the social classes today and how being able to achieve the American Dream is just out of ones reach, no matter the effort made.

Christopher Columbus and His Discoveries - 702 Words

â€Å"In 1492, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.† Have you ever heard of this famous quote? This quote is about Christopher Columbus and his discovery of the Americas. On the first Monday in October, we celebrate Columbus Day, based on the belief that he discovered the Americas. One might conclude that Christopher Columbus did not discover the Americas because the Native Americans, Vikings, and Phoenicians had already set foot there. First of all, when Christopher Columbus set foot in the Americas, he encountered a large group of Native Americans that had already inhabited it. This group of Native Americans was called the Taino. The Taino were the most native people who inhabited the Caribbean. They occupied what are now the Caribbean Islands of the Virgin Islands, the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Haiti. When Christopher Columbus confronted the Taino, he characterized them as â€Å"naked as the day they were born.† By 1550, close to all the Taino po pulation was wiped out due to disease spread to the Americas by Spaniards. Furthermore, the Taino lived a prosperous life before English settlers arrived there. According to myLOC.gov, the Taino had complex hierarchical religious, political, and social systems. As excellent farmers and navigators, the Taino created poetry, music, and powerful, symbolic objects. As I stated above, the Taino eventually was almost destroyed by foreign diseases. Even though this had happened, the religions, language, music, and beliefs ofShow MoreRelatedChristopher Columbuss Discovery Of San Salvador Essay1105 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Christopher Columbus’s Finding of San Salvador in 1492 Christopher Columbus’s adventitious finding of San Salvador led to the initial European â€Å"discovery† of the New World. 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The Secret Circle The Power Chapter One Free Essays

â€Å"Diana, I have a little surprise for you,† Faye said. Diana’s emerald eyes, with their thick sooty lashes, were swimming already. She still hadn’t recovered from the shocks of tonight, and her face was strained as she stared at Faye. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Power Chapter One or any similar topic only for you Order Now Well, there was worse to come. Now that it was finally going to happen, Cassie felt a curious sense of freedom. No more hiding, no more lying and evading. The nightmare was here at last. â€Å"I suppose I should have told you before, but I didn’t want to upset you,† Faye was saying. Her eyes burned golden with a savage inner fire. Adam, who wasn’t stupid, glanced from Cassie to Faye and obviously came to a quick, if shattering, conclusion. He swiftly cupped a hand under Diana’s elbow. â€Å"Whatever it is can wait,† he said. â€Å"Cassie ought to go and see her mother, and – â€Å" â€Å"No, it can’t wait, Adam Conant,† Faye interrupted. â€Å"It’s time Diana found out what sort of people she has around her.† Faye whirled to face Diana again, her pale skin glowing with strange elation against the midnight-dark mane of her hair. â€Å"The ones you’ve chosen,† she said to her cousin. â€Å"Your dearest friend – and him. The incorruptible Sir Adam. Do you want to know the reason you couldn’t make it as leader? Do you want to know how naive you really are?† Everyone was gathering close now, staring. Cassie could see varying degrees of bewilderment and suspicion in their expressions. The full moon shining from the west was so bright that it cast shadows, and it illuminated every detail of the scene. Cassie looked at each of them: tough Deborah, beautiful Suzan with her perfect face marred by a puzzled frown, cool Melanie, and graceful, elfin Laurel. She looked at Chris and Doug Henderson, the wild twins, who were standing by the slinking figure of Sean, and at icily handsome Nick behind them. Finally she looked at Adam. He was still holding Diana’s arm, but his proud, arresting face was tense and alert. His eyes met Cassie’s and something like understanding flashed between them, and then Cassie looked away, ashamed. She had no right to lean on Adam’s strength. She was about to be exposed for what she was in front of the entire Circle. â€Å"I kept hoping they would do the decent thing and control themselves,† Faye said. â€Å"For their own sake, if not yours. But, obviously – â€Å" â€Å"Faye, what are you talking about?† Diana interrupted, her patience splintering. â€Å"Why, about Cassie and Adam, of course,† Faye said, slowly opening her golden eyes wide. â€Å"About how they’ve been fooling around behind your back.† The words fell like stones into a tranquil pool. There was a long moment of utter silence, then Doug Henderson threw back his head and laughed. â€Å"Yeah, an’ my mom’s a topless dancer,† he jeered. â€Å"And Mother Teresa’s really Catwoman,† said Chris. â€Å"Come on, Faye,† Laurel said sharply. â€Å"Don’t be ridiculous.† Faye smiled. â€Å"1 don’t blame you for not believing me,† she said. â€Å"I was shocked too. But you see, it all started before Cassie came to New Salem. It started when she met Adam down on Cape Cod.† The silence this time had a different quality. Cassie saw Laurel look quickly at Melanie. Everyone knew that Cassie had spent several weeks on the Cape last summer. And everyone knew that Adam had been down in that area too, looking for the Master Tools. Cassie saw the dawning of startled understanding on the faces around her. â€Å"It all started on the beach there,† Faye went on. She was obviously enjoying herself, as she always enjoyed being the center of attention. She looked sexy and commanding as she wet her lips and spoke throatily, addressing the entire group although her words were meant for Diana. â€Å"It was love at first sight, I guess – or at least they couldn’t keep their hands off each other. When Cassie came up here she even wrote a poem about it. Now how did that go?† Faye tilted her head to one side and recited: â€Å"Each night I lie and dream about the one Who kissed me and awakened my desire I spent a single hour with him alone And since that hour, my days are laced with fire.† â€Å"That’s right; that was her poem,† Suzan said. â€Å"1 remember. We had her in the old science building and she didn’t want us to read it.† Deborah was nodding, her petite face twisted in a scowl. â€Å"I remember too.† â€Å"You may also remember how strange they both acted at Cassie’s initiation,† Faye said. â€Å"And how Raj seemed to take to Cassie so quickly, always jumping up on her and licking her and all. Well, it’s very simple really – it’s because they’d known each other before. They didn’t want any of us to know that, of course. They tried to hide it. But eventually they got caught. It was the night we first used the crystal skull in Diana’s garage – Adam was taking Cassie home, I guess. I wonder how that got arranged.† Now it was the turn of Laurel and Melanie to look startled. Clearly they remembered the night of the first skull ceremony, when Diana had asked Adam to walk Cassie home, and Adam, after a brief hesitation, had agreed. â€Å"They thought they were alone on the bluff – but somebody was watching. Two little somebodies, two little friends of mine . . .† Lazily, Faye worked her fingers, with their long, scarlet-tipped nails, as if stroking something. A flash of comprehension lighted Cassie’s mind. The kittens. The damned little bloodsucking kittens that lived wild in Faye’s bedroom. Faye was saying the kittens were her spies? That she could communicate with them? Cassie felt a chill at her core as she looked at the tall, darkly beautiful girl, sensing something alien and deadly behind those hooded golden eyes. She’d wondered all along who Faye had meant when she talked about her â€Å"friends† who saw things and reported back to her, but she’d never imagined this. Faye smiled in feline satisfaction and nodded at her. â€Å"I have lots of secrets,† she said directly to Cassie. â€Å"That’s only one of them. But anyway,† she said to the rest of the group, â€Å"it was that night they got caught. They were – well, kissing. That’s the polite way to put it. The kind of kissing that starts spontaneous combustion. I suppose they just couldn’t resist their lustful passions any longer.† She sighed. Diana was looking at Adam now, looking for a denial. But Adam, his jaw set, was staring straight ahead at Faye. Diana’s lips parted with the quick intake of her breath. â€Å"And it wasn’t the only time, I’m afraid,† Faye continued, examining her nails with an expression of demure regret. â€Å"They’ve been doing it ever since, stealing secret moments when you weren’t looking, Diana. Like at the Homecoming dance – what a pity you weren’t there. They started kissing right in the middle of the dance floor. I guess maybe they went somewhere more private afterward †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"That’s not true,† Cassie cried, realizing even as she said it that she was virtually confirming that everything else Faye had said was true. Everyone was looking at Cassie now, and there was no more jeering from the Hendersons. Their tilted blue-green eyes were focused and intent. â€Å"I wanted to tell you,† Faye said to Diana, â€Å"but Cassie just begged me not to. She was hysterical, crying and pleading – she said she would just die if you found out. She said she’d do anything. And that,† Faye sighed, looking off into the distance, â€Å"was when she offered to get me the skull.† â€Å"What?† said Nick, his normally imperturbable face reflecting disbelief. â€Å"Yes.† Faye’s eyes dropped to her nails again, but she couldn’t keep a smile from curling the corners of her lips. â€Å"She knew I wanted to examine the skull, and she said she’d get it for me if I didn’t tell. Well, what could I do? She was like a crazy person. I just didn’t have the heart to refuse her.† Cassie sank her teeth into her lower lip. She wanted to scream, to protest that it hadn’t been that way . . . but what was the use? Melanie was speaking. â€Å"And I suppose you didn’t have the heart to refuse the skull, either,† she said to Faye, her gray eyes scornful. â€Å"Well †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Faye smiled deprecatingly. â€Å"Let’s put it this way – it was just too good a chance to miss.† â€Å"This isn’t funny,† Laurel cried. She looked stricken. â€Å"I still don’t believe it – â€Å" â€Å"Then how do you think she knew where to dig up the skull tonight?† Faye said smoothly. â€Å"She stayed over at your house, Diana, the night we traced the dark energy to the cemetery. And she snuck around and figured out where the skull was buried by reading your Book of Shadows – but only after she stole the key to the walnut cabinet and checked there.† Gleeful triumph shone out of Faye’s golden eyes; she couldn’t conceal it any longer. And nobody in the group could deny the truth of Faye’s words any longer. Cassie had known where to dig up the skull. There was no way to get around that. Cassie could see it happening in face after face: the ending of disbelief and the slow beginning of grim accusation. It’s like The Scarlet Letter, Cassie thought wildly as she stood apart with all of them looking at her. She might as well be standing up on a platform with an A pinned to her chest. Helplessly, she straightened her back and tried to hold her chin level, forcing herself to look back at the group. I will not cry, she thought. I will not look away. Then she saw Diana’s face. Diana’s expression was beyond stricken. She seemed simply paralyzed, her green eyes wide and blank and shattered. â€Å"She swore to be loyal and faithful to the Circle, and never to harm anyone inside it,† Faye was saying huskily. â€Å"But she lied. I suppose it’s not surprising, considering she’s half outsider. Still, 1 think it’s gone on long enough; she and Adam have had enough time to enjoy themselves. So now you know the truth. And now,† Faye finished, looking over the ravaged members of the Circle, and especially her deathly still cousin, with an air of thoughtful gratification, â€Å"we’d probably better be getting home. It’s been a long night.† Lazily, smiling faintly, she started to move away. â€Å"No.† It was a single word, but it stopped Faye in her tracks and it made everyone else turn toward Adam. Cassie had never seen his blue-gray eyes look this way before – they were like silver lightning. He moved forward with his usual easy stride. There was no violence in the way he caught Faye’s arm, but the grip must have been like iron – Cassie could tell that because Faye couldn’t get away from it. Faye looked down at his fingers in offended surprise. â€Å"You’ve had your turn,† Adam said to her. His voice was carefully quiet, but the words dropped from his lips like chips of white-hot steel. â€Å"Now it’s mine. And all of you† – he swung around on the group, holding them in place with his gaze – â€Å"are going to listen.† How to cite The Secret Circle: The Power Chapter One, Essay examples

Compensation and Benefits Management-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Discuss the benefits of offering a total rewards system, that includes both Financial and Non-Financial Compensation Components within such a system as well as the pay administration process that delivers such rewards effectively to the Workforce 2.Critically analyse the relevance of considering the recent trends in pay structures that support such philosophies and how it can be Implemented effectively. 3.List and discuss on any four Objectives that the Company must consider to ensure pay Effectiveness. Answers: 1.There are certain advantages of offering a total rewards system in Accent Incorporated and they are discussed briefly as follows: Employee retention and performance (Non-financial components): The total rewards system offers ostensible paths for the overall career of a staff depending on the basic template for the particular program. When an organisation recruits an individual on a total rewards system, it could depict that staff the points at which pay raises, bonuses, increased vacation and enhanced benefits take place during the career trajectory of the individual (Bryant and Allen 2013). With the help of this system, Accent Incorporated could provide immediate incentive for staff retention by providing a staff with a series of long-term goals and projections. Thus, it helps in ensuring transparency by fostering an effective working relationship in the organisation by bringing the staffs and managers on equal footing, when it comes to knowledge concerning career trajectories. In addition, Accent Incorporated could restrict ostensible career trajectories, even though staffs understand that certain aspects of such trajectories like bonuses take place only, if the performance standards are met. This program constitutes of aspects like training and performance management and professional development, which enable the staffs to adopt special and new skills with the help of training and education (Cerdin and Brewster 2014). Hence, with the help of this system, Accent Incorporated could include methods of staff performance monitoring for enabling staffs to create and input dialogue, all of which assist in fostering an association of mutual input. This would lead to increased levels of understanding and professional respect. Controllable expenses (Financial components): The overall and long-term scope of the total rewards program enables an organisation to develop rightful projections of the amount incurred on each staff over the course of a number of years (Hofmann 2015). By forming a total rewards system, Accent Incorporated could possess the capability of creating an expenditure matrix, which fits the finances of the program at its outset as well as within the parameters of the anticipated growth of the organisation as it forms. This system has cyclical nature that takes into account design, execution, evaluation, assessment and back to design. Thus, it enables for adjustments in expenses to keep with variations in the company budget. With the increase in earnings, Accent Incorporated could filter more money to staffs in the form of increasing pay, providing staffs the growth perception along with encouraging staff performance and longevity. Pay administration process: In the words of Klingner, Nalbandian and Llorens (2015), total rewards system provide the benefit of centralised administration in staff-related concerns that take into account pay, benefits and training. In case of Accent Incorporated, such system of administration provides the benefit of an overall system through which to control each aspect. In the existing system of the organisation, the healthcare administration takes place distinctively from pay, while pay raises and bonuses occur on a different schedule than training and development. By applying the total rewards system, each of these stuffs takes place on a single time and it could be overseen simultaneously. 2.A pay philosophy is the commitment of an organisation to the way it values its staffs (Long and Perumal 2014). As Accent Incorporated is a private sector organisation, it generally needs a philosophy of competitive pay and its purpose is to retain, attract and motivate staffs. In order to achieve these goals, it could use a mix of three compensation components. These include base pay, incentive pay and benefits or non-financial rewards. Since Accent Incorporated has moderate cash resources, the philosophy of the organisation might be depicted like this: Paying a competitive base pay, which should not be aggressive; however, a pay comparable to what a staff could find in other similar organisations Offering equity to all the staffs in the organisation, so that they could reap the benefits of the organisation Accent Incorporated is required to be aggressive in the overall compensation with the help of incentives. For instance, if a staff is below market by $20,000 in base pay, market parity could be delivered through a signing bonus of $5,000; retention bonus of $5,000 and $10,000 incentive. Thus, the incentive programs need to be designed for providing greater compensation to high-performance staffs. According to the Malaysian law, the pay practices need to be consistent, indiscriminate and it need not be arbitrary. However, a pay philosophy might include various approaches for various types of staffs. For instance, Accent Incorporated might determine to pay a competitive rate for most tasks and aggressive rate for tasks particularly difficult to fill and significant to the bottom line (Oladapo 2014). Hence, it could pay its sales personnel and executives at the 75th percentile and the remaining staffs at the 50th percentile. However, if a philosophy is applied inconsistently, it could devalue the staffs, which might cause trouble. For instance, it is assumed that Accent Incorporated established a flat rate of $9.90 per hour for the non-exempt staffs in the role of customer service. The turnover of the department has been 200%. Despite the available flat rate, few staffs with lower degrees negotiated successfully for $10 per hour, while the staffs having long experience assumed that such rate was non-negotiable. Thus, this might lead to discrepancies due to the pay philosophy, which would increase the expenses of the organisation (Rogers 2014). In order to implement the pay philosophy, Accent Incorporated needs to enhance its communication level, since a sound philosophy develops a sense of fairness. Hence, it needs to advertise its pay structure as a retention and recruitment strategy (Saxena and Rai 2016). It could publish the pay philosophy in a staff handbook for depicting to the staffs about its standing in relation to the market. For instance, in case of Accent Incorporated, if it experiences greater turnover in customer service department, it could compensate the representatives of the department above market. The individuals working in the department might receive efficient workspaces, incentive plans and greater base pay than the market (Schiemann 2014). Under such situation, the CEO of Accent Incorporated needs to communicate about change in the philosophy to the staffs by presenting solid reasons behind the undertaken decision. 3.The four objectives that Accent Incorporated could consider to ensure pay effectiveness include the following: To attract top talent: According to Shortland (2017), one of the main goals of compensation needs to be recruiting qualified and experienced talent. With a competitive compensation in place, Accent Incorporated could be able to attract the top talents in the industry. To retain and reward personnel: It would not be effective for an organisation to lose the top talent to its rivals, as it would minimise its overall organisational effectiveness (Stone and Deadrick 2015). Thus, Accent Incorporated could find out market values for its staffs and design its pay accordingly. In addition, it could establish pay-for-performance models for driving performance by strengthening associates to accomplish new goals and push further. To boost motivation: If the pay structure of Accent Incorporated is effective, the compensation plan could increase motivation across the various departments within the organisation. The staffs knowing that they are compensated fairly for their work would feel appreciated and hence, they are probable to remain committed, productive and engaged. An effective compensation plan could increase job satisfaction of the organisation. To maximise return on investment: If Accent Incorporated develops a compensation plan staying within budget along with driving productivity with the help of pay-for-performance and other tactics of motivation, it could develop a plan equitable for the organisation and beneficial for the hard-working staffs. Thus, it could use compensation management software for simplifying planning processes to assist in accomplishing the objectives listed above without putting any burden on HR. Moreover, the management could tailor the same to the organisation for prioritising the important objectives. The major differences between basic fixed rate scheme and incentive scheme include the following: Points of dissimilarities Basic wage rate scheme Incentive scheme Productivity Fixed payment system might not motivate the staffs to work hard and it could lead to over-compensating poor performers and under-compensating top performers. Incentive scheme provides the staffs with incentives to be more productive, which could lead to greater sales and profitability for the organisation. In addition, the management of Accent Incorporated need not have to incur much for under-performing staffs. Competition In case of fixed pay, there would be absence of any competition amongst the staffs, which would minimise the interest of conflict (Wang and Singh 2014). Incentive pay could lead to unhealthy competition amongst the staffs. Pressure on customers The staffs with fixed wages do not need to exert pressure on the customers to increase sales, as their payments are not reliant on sales volume. The sales staffs could exert pressure on the clients, as greater sales would increase their overall compensation. Retaining workers The workers receiving incentives perform well during sound business conditions and vice-versa. The performance of the workers tends to remain the same during all times of the year. References: Bryant, P.C. and Allen, D.G., 2013. Compensation, benefits and employee turnover: HR strategies for retaining top talent.Compensation Benefits Review,45(3), pp.171-175. Cerdin, J.L. and Brewster, C., 2014. Talent management and expatriation: Bridging two streams of research and practice.Journal of World Business,49(2), pp.245-252. Hofmann, A., 2015. Compensation and Benefits: Essentials of Base Salary.Handbook of Human Resources Management, pp.1-15. Klingner, D., Nalbandian, J. and Llorens, J.J., 2015.Public personnel management. Routledge. Long, C.S. and Perumal, P., 2014. EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEES'TURNOVER INTENTION.International Journal of Business and society,15(1), p.111. Oladapo, V., 2014. The impact of talent management on retention.Journal of business studies quarterly,5(3), p.19. Rogers, D., 2014. Compensation and benefits survey 2013: Education and job responsibility key to increased compensation.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics,114(1), pp.17-33. Saxena, N. and Rai, H., 2016. Correlations and organisational effects of compensation and benefits, job satisfaction, career satisfaction and job stress in public and private hospitals in Lucknow, India.Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management,11(2), p.65. Schiemann, W.A., 2014. From talent management to talent optimization.Journal of World Business,49(2), pp.281-288. Shortland, S., 2017. International assignment reward policies: the importance of compensation and benefits to womens expatriate participation. Stone, D.L. and Deadrick, D.L., 2015. Challenges and opportunities affecting the future of human resource management.Human Resource Management Review,25(2), pp.139-145. Wang, G. and Singh, P., 2014. The evolution of CEO compensation over the organizational life cycle: A contingency explanation.Human Resource Management Review,24(2), pp.144-159.

The Doctrine of the Christian Life

The doctrine of Christian life analyzes the issue of Christian ethics in comparison to non Christian ethics. He explains that true ethical living is obtained from the word of God and this is the only kind of living that is free from controversy. Non Christian ethics tend to contradict each other and since there is only one form of truth, they are therefore considered null.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on The Doctrine of the Christian Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ethics in this case involves making life decisions both personal and social in compliance with the doctrines stated in God’s word. From this non Christian ethics are not considered to be wrong since they bring about controversial assertions. One of the key issues in understanding Christian ethics is the fact that these ethics are God like. The Bible clearly states the attributes of God as being pure, holy, righteous, loving, for giving and so on. This means that for the word ethics to be meaningful, it has to encompass all these attributes and applied to the daily living of a Christian. These are virtues that cannot be obtained through any form of education or intellectual study. Christian ethics are obtained through practice which should involve a lot of self discipline and sacrifice. The natural human being is normally inclined to selfish desires which in most cases are against ethical living and this is what Frame attempts to speak against. The other important principle in Christian ethics is the separation between ethical living and hypocrisy. Hypocrisy involves doing things for purposes of outward recognition or just to fulfill a given expectation. This in itself is unethical since ethics should start from the inside motive and trickle down to the actions. Any actions not accompanied by similar intentions are considered unethical according to Christian beliefs since they amount to deception. This point is even emphasized in the Bible in Proverbs 4: 23 which states that life’s issues spring from the heart. The events occurring on a daily basis in the world over are enough evidence of ethical or unethical decisions taken at one point or another. In most cases, people say one thing and do the exact opposite. Leaders specifically are in the habit of saying things to please the public and earn recognition while in real sense they are unable to deliver in accordance with their promises.Advertising Looking for critical writing on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This explains the chaotic nature of the world we are living in. A world characterized by many kinds of evil all as a result of lack of proper ethical guidelines or rejection of the same, the later being the most probable. This is because Christian ethics are clearly outlined in the word of God, but most people prefer to assume they do not exist. A nother form of misleading non Christian ethics is the assertion that anything that results in happiness is ethical. Happiness is a relative phenomenon in the secular world owing to the different opinions on the same. Some people however find joy in taking revenge, while this is considered unethical in the Bible. Not everything that makes people happy is right and not every right thing makes people happy as well. Again, Happiness varies from one person to another hence implying that there is no standard measure of happiness in the secular world. According to Christian values however, the true source of lasting happiness is in God who puts everything in place at the appointed time. The changing nature of people’s definitions makes it evident that Christian ethics are unwavering and the best way to live according to Frame1. Finally Christian ethics are perceived to be the best way of telling what is sinful and what is not. This is because it insists on virtues, irrespective of w hat the end result is. There are times when doing the right thing is difficult and in such cases, Christian ethics insist that the right thing should be done any way2. Non Christian ethics on the other hand mostly suggest that people should always do what brings them satisfaction irrespective of the externality effects these actions have. The end result of this is selfish living, one of the major causes of most problems in the world today. Hence Christian ethics as stipulated by Frame form the best guidelines to life. Bibliography Frame, John. The Doctrine of the Christian Life (A Theology of Lordship). Philipsburg: PR Publishing, 2008. Footnotes 1 John Frame, The Doctrine of the Christian life (A theory of Lordship) (Philpsburg: PR Publishing, 2008), 692.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on The Doctrine of the Christian Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More 2 John Frame, The Doctrine of the Christian lif e (A theory of Lordship) (Philpsburg: PR Publishing, 2008), 783. This critical writing on The Doctrine of the Christian Life was written and submitted by user Keaton Irwin to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Categories of E-commerce Essays

Categories of E-commerce Essays Categories of E-commerce Essay Categories of E-commerce Essay Name and describe various categories of e-commerce. Virtual Storefront sells items physical to direct to consumers or to businesses. Such as Overstock.com. Online Marketplace assist a digital environment wher buyers and sellers can meet and look for the items they want and also a auctions. Revenue is made by the transaction fees. Such as Ebay. Portals are the entry point to the web. Such as Yahoo.com. Compare and contrast electronic payment systems. There are a lot of security measures that go along with electronic payments systems such as digital wallets that securely store cc and owner information and the credit card payment system that protects information transmitted amongst users, merchant sites and processing banks. I feel that electronic payments are a little safer than making payments at the actually place for instant if you have a credit card with nordstroms and you go in a pay how do you know the person taking your payment is trustworthy what if the copy your information. With electronic payments they are making it so secure that that wont happen a very low percentage. Which type do you use most often When I pay my bills or make a purchase it is usually online or over the phone through a automated systems and I feel very safe doing so. I have made in store payments or through the mail and have issues such as the payment being credited to my account to late or not the rig ht amount. I have never had these issues online or on automated system. Which type is most applicable for organizations you interact with regularly Electronic payment is the best due to my busy schedule. Explain how Internet technology supports business-to-business e-commerce It helps organizations save money and increases revenue. E commerce is available to everyone, everywhere and anytime. Your are able to conduct business on line in the middle of the night if you have to, to meet the schedule of another business your are working with that are overseas or in another state. And e-commerce makes it possible to shop around for the best deals.

Refusal for a Future Life-Sustaining Treatment Essay

Refusal for a Future Life-Sustaining Treatment - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that HD is hereditary and incurable. Affected patients experience irreversible dementia leading to fatality. The only thing that they can do for now is to avail for genetic counseling to ease their level of discomfort and anxiety. John is a lawyer in his 30’s. Several months ago, he noticed rapid movements twitching in his face. John then went to two neurologists and found out that he has Huntington’s disease. John’s mother died from that disease. He knows that he has ten years or so to live. The issue in John’s case is whether or not it is ethical, upon paralysis, to refuse future life-sustaining treatment. Whether or not John is in his right mind is also an issue here. Huntington’s disease affects the patient’s cognitive abilities. Despite the symptoms he unbearably experienced, John remains to be a productive lawyer. His productive work only shows that he is in his right mind. Moreover, John wrote a note before ingesting all his antidepressant medicine. Writing a note that states a clear message implies that the writer knows what he is doing. John, to my mind, is unquestionably competent in deciding what is good for him. His concept of good lies not in his biological good but rather in his perception of good. To die without life-sustaining treatment is what constitute good for John. This paper declares that John’s psychiatrist refused to help him commit suicide. Well, that’s what psychiatrist is paid for: to help their patients live a normal life. At this point, one might challenge the credibility of John’s right mind. I would still say that John was in his right mind when he spoke those words. The fact that John reassured his psychiatrist that he do not have plans to commit suicide â€Å"any time soon† implies that he consciously knows what he is saying. John’s case is comparable to cases concerning physician-assisted suicide or PAS. First, John has an incurable disease. Second, he expressed his refusal for a potential life-sustaining treatment.

Management Research Project; Hiring Function Recruitment and Selected Paper

Management Project; Hiring Function Recruitment and Selected - Research Paper Example The process that has been used in this particular research paper would be incorporated into the research study so as to identify the deficiencies of GOME electric company and ways to eliminate them from the system. The research topic that has been selected is an analysis on the hiring, recruitment and selection function of the GOME electric company in China. The topic is very advantageous from the point of view of reviewer and also from the perspective of organization. This research study would enable the organization that has been selected to improve its level of efficiency and even save the overall cost that is associated with the execution of business operations. The company occupies a large market shares in the retail industry of electronics in China and has also been able to enhance its distribution operation across other regions. The reviewer has a work experience in the selected organization and so the deficiency in hiring and selection process can be easily highlighted. The report structure would comprise of primarily a research objective and questions followed by conceptual foundation. The findings of the research would be based on focus group study and interviews with key personnel of the organization which would be supported by secondary data. The purpose of the research paper that has been selected for the particular research study has been to enhance the aspect of technology in all possible sectors. The research paper states that technology is a part of everyday lives and has a great importance in the human resource management. The concept of technology lessens the cost and at the same time even enables the job seekers to explore more opportunities in the least possible time. The research aim was to identify the various advantages as well as disadvantages of incorporating e-recruitment in the system. The rationale of the research paper is that the findings of this particular paper would be beneficial for other organization as well as job

Economy of any country in the world Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economy of any country in the world - Term Paper Example The topic is of importance as it addresses serious concerns and a significant setback to the development and economic independence of Germany. The consistent rise in pension to the ageing population results in higher taxes affects the nation’s contribution to the European and NATO defense activities. As at 2013, Germany’s GDP reduced significantly (Federal Statistical Office, 2015). That represents an underperformance in the GDP of Germany compared to her trading partners in the EU such as Italy, France, and Spain. German’s membership in the European Economic and Monitory Union (EMU) leaves the German Bundesbank out of control of its monetary policy. Instead, it depends on the European Central Bank (ECB) for determination of the rate of interest and money supply in setting monetary policy (Forex Market Watch, 2015). Macroeconomic policies in the EU grant the ECB bank the authority to reduce interest rates. In 2012, the ECB reduced the rates only from 5.6% to 4.1% this it does in the favor of nations with higher GDP growth leaving Germany, the largest economy in the EU, adversely affected. In the 1960s, Germany’s unemployment rate was at 2.7%, the percentage reversed suddenly in the onset of the new millennium with the rate of unemployment rising to 10.4%, as at 2005. The unexpected increase in unemployment rate was an indication of low performance of Germany’s economy as compared to the rest of EU nations. Germany’s unemployed population often has little motivation to find jobs because of low wages. The unemployment rate is also propelled by lack of benefits to those earning average salaries (Ahearn & Belkin, 2010, p. 6). Germany’s low productivity experienced in the 90s and early 2000s led to the collapse of its major industries (OECD, 2011, p. 22). The output per hour per employee dropped at an annual rate of 4.7% between 1995 and 2007, and this was an acute decline compared to the

The Social Mobility Of My Family

The Social Mobility Of My Family The following paper includes research of Social mobility within social classes and how this has affected my family. This is a controversial issue whether socioeconomic inheritance or the class one is born into plays a role to the social mobility of the individual in one direction or another. I will give examples of my familys social mobility for the past four generations. Some may argue that starting off at a lower social class can restrict one from social mobility. From this perspective, it is thought that not having access to education or many opportunities for success make it much harder to get out from under a life of always working from paycheck to paycheck. On the other hand, others argue that we all have the same opportunity to advance our social status and move up or down the class structure within generations. The textbook spells out several different philosophies in regards to social class. Karl Marx believed that social class was created by a persons relationship with labo r. Marx separated people into those who own the means of production, and those who sell their labor (Henslin 188). Another concept the textbooks talks about was established by Joseph Kahl and Dennis Gilbert, and they based their opinions on Max Weber. Weber alleged social class is a large collection of individuals who are categorized carefully to each other in property, power and prestige (Henslin 202). Kahl and Gilbert added to this notion to include a persons education or lack thereof. Kahl and Gilbert state that today the quality of education that an individual receives also denotes the capabilities a person may possess. Kahl and Gilbert created a class social structure that contained of capitalist, upper middle class, lower middle class, working class, working poor and underclass. The higher one is in social class the greater their property or income is, along with prestige of the university they attended and the power they hold in their occupation. After analyzing the two diffe rent ideas of social class structure, I believe the most adequate structure is the social class structure of Kahl and Gilbert. Their structure allows for more wisdom and inconsistency in social class as well as superior means for explaining the difference of classes. My familys story My analysis of my familys social mobility starts with my mothers grandparents. Prior to the great depression they were that of upper middle class and would have been considered very well off. They had several farms a very large house with servants and over 1000 acres. My grandfathers part within the family of 8 was to work on the farms with his older brother getting a management role and other siblings going to college and waiting to be married. My grandfather was a very hard worker and fell into the role to handle the farms and such even though he was from the same class as the rest of the family he was seen as lower because of his younger age and hardworking mentality. Much of the family looked down on him for getting his hands dirty. His father did not allow him to continue school and he dropped to work the farms in the 8th grade. His older brother and father handled the money and management of the farms operations until the Great Depression occurred in the late 20s. After a fire which resulted in them losing several animals, a house and barn as well as other circumstances from the depression they ended up losing it all. My grandfather ended up renting a farm being a time of the dust bowl he was unable to raise sufficient crops so he began buying horses and cattle that were in poor health for very little. He would clean them up train the horses and sell them back months later for a large profit. He did this several time until he eventually saved enough to buy back the family farm where he began to milk cows and cash crops as the land was much better. My grandmother came from a very low social class but did get to go to college as her oldest sister and her husband made it possible by paying for all of their siblings to go to college as well as they both became professors and continued to live very frugal lives never having children and having a very giving life. My Grandmother graduated college at 16 and soon met my Grandfather they had 5 children with my mot her being the youngest. My grandmother started teaching soon after the children were out of diapers. A very large age gap made it so that my mother was still young when the oldest brother joined the navy during WWII. A few years later my mothers other siblings went off to college as the economy recovered as a result of the war. My mother and father started dating while my mother was 16 and they married soon after meeting and had my oldest sister at age 17. They moved into a small house just down the road from my grandparents farm and had three more children. Eventually my father built us a house on the family land that my grandmother gave them. My father is a very hardworking man and worked as a farmhand then a machinist and a carpenter until an accident in 1975 that left him disabled and unable to work. This along with a recession in the 1980s hurt my parents financially. After struggling to make things work they divorced in 1981. My mother, brother and I moved to an apartment in M adison. My sisters moved out by themselves or with boyfriends and got working class jobs as my parents did not have the means to help pay for college. Our income, status and social class level dropped to the poverty level. Living in a single parent household led by the mother we experienced the Feminization of Poverty (Henslin, p. 206). My father was on disability with very little means to even care for himself let along his children. My mother took on several jobs but with no education it never seemed to be enough. I started working to pay for food and such and help out with clothes and such. I was washing dishes and odd jobs mowing lawns. On my fifteenth birthday I decided to move out on my own. My mother had met someone and they were getting married. He had moved in and I did not get along with him or my mother very well. I tried to do well in school but trying to make rent made that a difficult task. I did try and go to college but never having enough money for rent or food made that impossible. I eventually dropped out of school and took on construction jobs. I guess I inherited some of those skills from my father and I am not afraid of hard work so I focused on that. I did well in construction and eventually married and had two children. During the 2000 construction boom I flipped several houses and built myself a very nice house. I had moved my family back up to middle class life. After my children were born my wife struggled with depression and eventually it got so bad that we decided to separate and were divorced in 2002. I had decided I would not make my children go through what I went through with my parents divorce so I decided to give it all to them and my ex-wife so we would not have to sell the house and make them possible change schools. I had paid down the mortgage to around 100,000 on a house that is worth well over 500,000. I took all other bills credit cards and car payments. I felt with my skills that I would be able to rebuild my life and they would be taken care of. Then a recession hit slow at first with construction getting slower and slower and eventually in 2008 the economy got really bad. It has been hard to turn around and the recession could not have hit a worse time. I have actually moved several times in the past years downgrading to a lesser quality home and car to save money. With very little work and the economy slow to recover I decided to apply to go to school. This is my second semester at Madison College and I am doing well. I am on the deans list with a current 3.9 GPA. Being the only one of my siblings going to college it is important that I finish. I am hopeful that the US economy turns around and I can find a decent job or get my business back making money. The problem is that I am now somewhat stuck not making enough to borrow money to buy my way out and with no college education to get a great paying job while the construction market is saturated and not coming back very fast. Having circumsta nces affecting each generation has had an impact on the social mobility of my family in a negative way starting with the great depression and continuing with the current recession. I feel that education is a key factor for social mobility. In the past younger siblings lost out on getting to go to college and getting to take over families businesses with the oldest male child usually taking over. My view My own view is that while there is a real disadvantage with education and opportunity advantages it is still possible to move up or down within social class that we were born into but for some it is very hard if not impossible. Though I concede that this may be a hard thing to overcome and defiantly harder for the lower class than within the middle or upper class. I still maintain that good work ethic and faith can increase the success of social mobility. For example my grandfather took an approach to find new innovative ways to make money and save for the right opportunity to come and then follow through. Although some might object that upper middle class and upper class should not have to pay for those born into lower class. I would reply that it is our social responsibility to give everyone an education and increase the opportunity for success for each and every individual within the United States. The issue is important because of how we are evolving humanity and making everyone so they can contribute to their potential is better for all. The alternative is that many will go on welfare or break laws and end up in prison as they have no way out of the life they were born into. This cost is much higher than the cost an education would be. Family disruption or economic loss The experience of family disruption during childhood substantially increases the odds of ending up in the lowest occupational stratum as opposed to the stable families having a better chance to be in a high class. Family disruption also weakens the association between dimensions of occupational origins and destinations. The socioeconomic destinations from nonimpact family backgrounds bear less resemblance to their socioeconomic origins that those from intact backgrounds. Those from traditional two-parent homes exhibit a stronger pattern of intergenerational occupational inheritance than those from disrupted families. Upward income mobility has decreased to such a point that the United States appears to have the highest rate of income inequality in the industrialized world, according to the non-partisan Congressional Research Service. Longstanding partisan battles in Congress about policy issues such as instituting a more progressive tax code, the tax treatment of capital gains and in heritance, and the expansion of social welfare benefits like food stamps and healthcare in recent years have not ended very well for the nations poor. Empirical analyses estimate the United States is a comparatively immobile society, that is, where on starts in the income distribution influences where one ends up to a greater degree than in several advanced economies (Cite). Reports suggest the U.S. is no longer, if it ever was a nation where the poorest can feasibly lift themselves up by their bootstraps. If income were equally distributed, each fifth household would account for 20 percent of total income. The poorest of these has long since accounted for far less than its proportionate share, barely budging from about 4 percent in recent decades, according to the U.S. Census Bureau (Cite). Meanwhile, since 1968 the middle class has seen its total income share decrease steadily, while those among the top-fifth of earners particularly the top 5 percent have seen their incomes skyr ocket. For instance, the top 5 percent held 22.3 percent of the nations wealth in 2011, up from 16.3 percent four decades earlier. The advantages offered by an affluent lifestyle clearly influence an individuals chances for economic mobility, the CRS reports. According to an analysis of empirical data, the study authors estimate there is a positive relationship of about 0.5 between a parent and adult income. Children of parents with above-average salaries are more likely, on average, to also bring in high incomes. Half the economic advantage the children of well-off families enjoy comes from having been born into wealthy families in the first place. On top of that, the chances of adults moving up from their initial income economic position has decreased or remained stagnant in recent decades, which is of particular concern since most Americans still believe economic mobility in the U.S. is completely within their reach. Americans may be less concerned about inequality in the distrib ution of income at any given point in time partly because of a belief that everyone has an equal opportunity to move up the income ladder. Different types of family structures experienced during childhood have varying effects on socioeconomic attainment and social mobility. Those within the middle class will, statistically, experience some economic mobility. According to a study by the Pew Economic Mobility Project, 43 percent of children whose parents were born in the bottom one fifth remained at the bottom when they became adults. In contrast, 40 percent of children born to parents at the top one fifth were also at the top as adults. The study compared intergenerational mobility rates between 1984 to 1994 and 1994 to 2004. Conclusion The topics of particular importance in contemporary sociology seem to be the inequality of educational opportunity and mechanisms of social mobility or immobility. Also the effects of the households saving behavior and the implication of this behavior for the distribution of wealth and the relationship between the extent of free enterprise and opportunity in the economy and socioeconomic mobility, that is, the movement of families across wealth classes over time. Some studies suggest that as technology advances, lower income workers do not have the skills or educational requirements to keep up with changing labor needs. The demand for highly skilled workers trained in engineering or information technology has elevated, while the need for lower skilled and middle skilled workers has diminished which is one of the casualties of globalization. The philosophical battle over how to achieve economic growth and social mobility has escalated to a point that conservatives have resisted attemp ts to direct more investments in programs such as early childhood education and college tuition aid. The battle continues as Democrats are pushing for more investments in social safety net programs while Republicans are calling for a self-reliant approach. Education gap creates more inequality and arguably promote equality in the opportunity to move up the income ladder, which an increasingly unequal distribution of income may suggest a lack of and which may itself curb the potential productive capacity of the economy an education gap is one of the main reasons commonly offered to explain the nations widening income inequality. Although many still firmly believe, and constantly argue, that Americans have an equal opportunity to move up the economic ladder, the researchers conclude that opportunity is far from equal.

Mythical Gods :: essays research papers

Mythical Gods Zeus - GÃ ¸d of the sky, the clouds, and the rain. Normally seen holding a thunderbolt. Represented by an Eagle. Married Hera and had many children from many affairs. Poseidon - Brother of Zeus, and ruler of the sea. Seen with a trident and connected to horses and bulls. Hera - Sister and wife of Zeus. Protector of marriage and ally of married women. Cow and Peacock were important to her. Hades - Ruler of the underworld and of the dead. Also lord of wealth (his Latin name means rich). Owned a helmet that made people invisible. Married Persephone who became queen of the underworld. Athena - Born from the head of Zeus in full armor without a mother She was his favorite child. The Goddess of the City she domesticated horses for human use. Represented by owl and olive tree. Apollo - Love child of Zeus and Leto. GÃ ¸d of music, art, archery, and sometimes the sun. Portrayed as many animals, crow and dolphin to name a few. Artemis - Twin sister of Apollo. Goddess of the wild and hunter for the GÃ ¸ds. Partial to all woodland creatures especially the deer. Aphrodite - Goddess of Love and of Beauty. Born from the foam of the sea. Irresistible to man and to GÃ ¸d alike. Represented as a dove or a swan. Hermes - Grandson of Atlas. Messenger of Zeus. Shown wearing a small helmet and sandals with wings on them. Also an expert theif. Most commonly used GÃ ¸d in all mythology. Ares - GÃ ¸d of war. Hated by his parents, Zeus and Hera. Most ruthless and forceful of the GÃ ¸ds. Shown as the vulture and as the dog. Hephaestus - GÃ ¸d of Fire. Often said to be ugly as opposed to the other rulers. Created women out of gold that helped him at home with his chores. Hestia - The Goddess of the hearth or the home.

Melanin-Based Racial Prejudice Essay

Do you think humans are born to be judgmental? We usually make judgments based on what we see first, and most of the time an important factor is skin color. Social racism is known as the discrimination or intolerance of people of other races or skin colors. Racism occurs in many ways; however, it is not always obvious. Where did this type of behavior begin? Racial prejudice has many causes and effects from and on society that are inevitable. There are many ideas thrown around as to how racism began, though the truth lies in the historical facts. From slavery, to imperialism, to wars, we have always felt superior towards others with different skin colors and races. â€Å"No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite.† (Mandela, 1994). Racism has been a part of history for as long as humans existed and has been enhanced by early capitalism’s use of slaves for plantations and colonies. Back then, the colonists and imperialists used it as a way to show domination, but it resulted in dividing the modern world. A main factor of this division is that people who believe in stereotypes detest any communication with other races, causing a defense mechanism against them, and finally creating tension and animosity. History is proof that colored people have been treated unfairly and tortured over centuries. â€Å"Black† has always been perceived as negative. Black cats are told to be a sign of omen, black clothes are worn to funerals, and hell is pictured as a deadly place filled with darkness; these have all caused misinterpretation and created a wrong impression in people’s minds. Last, but unfortunately not least, pictures from The Holocaust -a genocide where about six million Jews were killed by the Nazis under the command of Germany’s Adolf Hitler- still haunt us (Mukherjee, 2014). Just as kids grow up imitating their parents, upcoming generations will grow up to be racists in a society where each individual thinks they are superior to everyone else if they have lighter skin. It is a never ending cycle that will most probably end in bullying. Children who grow up watching discrimination happen everywhere around them will end up feeling a need to bully classmates of othe r races. Racial discrimination has had several effects on society and employment. Studies have shown that  people with darker skin colors usually have trouble achieving ordinary goals like a job that pays well, a house in a nice neighborhood, and all the basic necessities. Why should a person with a darker skin tone suffer to obtain these essential rights and needs? The unemployment rate for African Americans in 1995 was 10.1 percent compared to 4.7 percent for white Americans (Berry, 1995). It is widely known that colored people face higher rejection rates when applying for jobs and are usually put second to whites with similar credit characteristics and also get paid less (Ross & Yinger, 1999). In addition, racism is associated with poor mental health. Studies show that the victims of bullying based on their skin color are at a greater risk of developing a range of psychological and mental health problems such as anxiety and depression. These conditions can contribute to more serious mental disorders. Therefore, eliminating racial prejudice is vital to improving mental health and emotional stability. Even though all that is happening, proper awareness is still not being taken into consideration. Racial discrimination is often practiced subconciounsly because societies from all around the world have successfully managed to mind wash generation after generation. In movies, for example, people do not realize that the African Americans usually die first. In crime scenes, they are usually the criminal. As a result of this, children are unintentionally forced to believe that dark skinned people are bad. Statistics show that majority of the public believe that African Americans are not accurately portrayed in movies. The use of offensive words regarding the Natives has become very common, as well, especially in modern rap songs. Rappers include offensive and extremely racist words in their lyrics. Another example is advertisements, and how they stress on promoting whitening beauty creams. The racism in this is not obvious, but it is obscene for the people who are not fair skinned. Finally, as a cause of predictable racism, an innocent African American man named Michael Brown was shot fatally by a police officer earlier in August this year. The protesting citizens of Ferguson remain at unrest until this very day due to the injustice that had occurred. In a nutshell, social racism has had many causes and effects throughout the years due to the growing complexity of the world around us. Racial prejudice is surely not a biological characteristic. In other words, humans do not  differentiate between races because of their genetic makeup. In an ideal world, racism would be eliminated and justice would take over. To cut a long story short, why should the amount of melanin is someone’s skin define them? Resources Mandela, N. (1994). Long walk to freedom: The autobiography of Nelson Mandela. Boston: Little, Brown. Mukherjee, R. (2014, June 18). Top 10 Reasons why Racism Still Exists – List Crux. Retrieved October 1, 2014, from http://listcrux.com/top-10-reasons-why-racism-

Using a Socially Conscious Song from Either the Caribbean

â€Å"I am living while I'm living to the father I will pray, only he knows how we get through every day, with all the hike in the price, arm and leg we have to pay, while our leaders play†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Myrie et al (1995, track 5). This song â€Å"Untold Stories† sung by Mark Anthony Myrie, 1973, popularly known as ‘Buju Banton,’ a powerful Jamaican dancehall, ragga, and reggae musician. He has also recorded Pop and Dance songs, as well as songs dealing with political topics. Banton is politically outspoken and highly influenced by Marcus Garvey.These lyrics stated above revealed substantial discontent with existing social conditions and a robust mistrust of those in high positions. However linking this with critical theory, which is described by Bleich (1977) as composing largely of criticisms of various aspects of social and intellectual life, but its ultimate goal, is to reveal more accurately the nature of society (Ritzer, 2010, p. 282). A critical theory is adequate only if it meets three criteria: it must be explanatory, practical, and normative, all at the same time.That is, it must explain what is wrong with current social reality, identify the actors to change it, and provide both clear norms for criticism and achievable practical goals for social transformation. Critical theorists do not say that economic determinists were wrong in focusing on the economic realm but that they should have been concerned with other aspects of social life as well, the critical school seeked to rectify this imbalance by focusing its attention on the cultural realm (Fuery and Mansfield, 2000; Schroyer, 1973:33).This is shown plainly in Banton’s lyrics in his song â€Å"Untold Stories,† he speaks about these untold aspects of social life that has never been brought to the attention of others, conditions such as the inflation and rising of daily living expenses, the fact that at the end of the day your expenses will always outweigh your ear nings, also that the labour he has to pay seems as if he has to sacrifice a body part just to meet the expenses of life. â€Å"With all the hike in the price, arm and leg we have to pay†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Banton, 1995).Focusing on other aspects of social life according to the critical theorists is what Banton’s song is trying to bring to the forefront; he tries to enlighten the minds of others with relation to poverty in his lyrics where he sings about the clothes on his back containing countless eyeholes, and one of the major unyielding points he made as he continued to sing is that â€Å"Opportunity is a scarce commodity†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Opportunities are allocated to those who can afford it, Banton continues in his plight saying that â€Å"Those who can afford to run will run†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1995).Even though you sacrifice and give your last expenses to gain an education, the opportunities are still given to those who can afford it, being educated does not mean that you are gua ranteed a space in the labour force, â€Å"Filled up with education yet don't own a payroll†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Banton, 1995) Critical theorists also focus on the philosophical underpinnings of scientific inquiry especially positivism (Bottomore, 1984; Fuller1994). Positivists believe that knowledge is inherently neutral. They feel that they can keep human values out of their work.This belief, in turn, leads to the view that science is not in the position of advocating any specific form of social action. Positivism is opposed by the critical school on various grounds (Sewart, 1978). For one thing, positivism tends to reify the social world and see it as a natural process. The critical theorists prefer to focus on human activity as well as on the ways in which such activity affects larger social structures. In short, positivism loses sight of the actors (Habermas, 1971), reducing them to passive entities determined by â€Å"natural forces. Given their belief in the distinctiveness of th e actor, the critical theorists would not accept the idea that the general laws of science can be applied without question to human action. (Ritzer, 2010, p 283. ) A simple yet perfect example of this coming from Banton is his perseverance to continue aspiring despite these deplorable conditions. He pushes himself to continue this life because of bare survival, â€Å"Though this life keep getting me down don't give up now got to survive some way somehow†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1995).He continues to sing about the trials he has to face in life and the injustice of it, that those who are suffering and in need of dyer help are the ones who never seem to get comfort and redemption, but even though his life entails all these tribulations above them all he sings, that as long as he is kept alive by the Father (God) he will continue to praise him and pray his name because it is only Him who knows why he is still alive and striving very day, â€Å"I am living while I'm living to the father I will pray only he knows how we get through every day†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Banton, 1995) Banton’s lyrics proves an apprehensive concern to those placed in high positions, he sings about while he has to struggle to earn and make a living those who are leaders can sit back and relax and recreate for they have their earning and they can afford to move out of these conditions that may come their way. Though ‘they’ i. the leaders can ‘run’ those who cannot afford to will have to stay, they will have to face struggle and dismay, the leaders are unconcerned for the less fortunate, their positions mean nothing to anyone but themselves. He continues in song, singing that it is a competitive world for low class people because of their low budget, they have to manage their income carefully but somehow they always spend more than they make a day, â€Å"It's a competitive world for low budget people spending a dime while earning a nickel†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1995).He speaks out t hat there is no one to care about those who are suffering terribly in society, where youths have to rob and steal to make a living even though they have an education and that the only person that can help them is God so they will continue to pray, â€Å"No love for the people who are suffering real bad another toll to the poll may God help we soul†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Banton, 1995) The critical school focuses primarily on one form of formal rationality; modern technology (Feenberg, 1996). Marcuse (1964) He saw technology in modern capitalist society as leading to totalitarianism.In fact, he viewed it as leading to new, more effective, and even more â€Å"pleasant† methods of external control over individuals. Marcuse rejected the idea that technology is neutral in the modern world and saw it instead as a means to dominate people. It is effective because it is made to seem neutral when it is in fact enslaving. It serves to suppress individuality. The actor’s inner freedom ha s been â€Å"invaded and whittled down† by modern technology. The result is what Marcuse called â€Å"one-dimensional society,† in which individuals lose the ability to think critically and negatively about society.Marcuse did not see technology per se as the enemy, but rather technology as it is employed in modern capitalist society: â€Å"Technology, no matter how ‘pure,’ sustains and streamlines the continuum of domination. (Ritzer, 2010, p. 286. ) Emphasizing Macuse’s point with the media, this can be used as an example of just that; dominating the society with song and lyrics. These songs yes they invoke a sense of solidarity and power but can they really change the world? They let persons express their true selves by capturing a range of emotions and a sense of opposition, but what are they really doing for the society?This social order that they talk about, the one that seems so destructive, by broadcasting it; wouldn’t it also act as an imitator to others? My thoughts are that it can go both ways; negatively in that others may learn to do the same to their society to gain better benefits for themselves for example violent songs against persons or the government, others may use this as a reason to conduct destructive and violent, rage-filled acts or counter attacks. Therefore not diminishing but rather encouraging thus said acts. However these protest songs can also have a positive effect and reaction to the broader society.It helps for others to become aware of the things that are normally referred to as â€Å"unmentionables. † Persons are able to give a voice to unspoken cries and speak out against the true things that cause problems and raise havoc in a society. This Buju Banton song encompassed a range of hidden emotions about struggle and the fight that poor people make on a daily basis, it did not only speak of the hurts and trials but also about the fight to stay alive and the perseverance and the power of pray and will to continue along life’s path disregarding the troubles of living.Even though it expressed deep hurt and frustration it still comprehended a sense of power to become uplifted and to find good within the bad. The most lasting methodological contribution of critical theory to social science is the way it attunes empirical social researchers to the assumptions underlying their own busy empiricism.As Horkheimer and Adorno (1972) indicate in ‘Dialectic of Enlightrnment,’ the seeming avoidance of values is the strongest value commitment of all, exempting one’s empirical claims from rigorous self-reflection and self-criticism. It is in this sense that the Frankfurt School’s analysis of mythology and ideology can be applied to a positivist social science that purports to transcend myth and value but, in its own methodological obsessions, is mythological to the very core. (Agger, 1991, p. 111. )Therefore leading from this point, I used critical theory in this paper to show the criticism of the different schools that the theory disagreed with, also by choosing a socially conscious song I was able to demonstrate this from a societal stand point, illuminating the discontent and mistrust that persons in society feel towards certain social institutions and conditions that they face. I believe that these types of songs do have a positive and a negative effect on the wider society but I support their attempts to be heard.Also, conclusively yes these protest songs may reinforce this said ‘social order’ but it is my belief that it will provide more help to eradicate the problem rather than encourage it. BIBLIOGRAPHY * Adorno et al. (2002) Dialectic of Enlightenment. Trans. Edmund Jephcott. Stanford: Stanford University Press. * Agger, B. (1991). Annual Review of Sociology. JStor. Vol. 17. Pp. 105-131. * Frank, K. L. (1944). What is Social Order?. American Journal of Sociology. Vol 49 (5). Pp. 470-477. * Held, D (1980). Introduction to Critical Theory: Horkheimer to Habermas.Berkeley, LA: University of California Press. * Musixmatch (2000) Untold Stories Lyrics. Elyrics. net. Retrieved March 14, 2013, from http://www. elyrics. net/read/b/buju-banton-lyrics/untold-stories-lyrics. html. * Myrie, Browne, Germaine. (1995). Untold Stories (Loose Cannon/Island Records). On ‘Til Shiloh (CD). New York, NY: Island. (1995). * Raymond G. (1981). The Idea of a Critical Theory. Habermas and the Frankfurt School. (Cambridge University Press,1981) * Ritzer, G (2010). George Ritzer: Sociological Theory. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. APPENDIXAttached is a copy of the lyrics of Buju Banton’s song â€Å"Untold Stories,† which was used in this paper; â€Å"UNTOLD STORIES† – Buju Banton While I'm living Thanks I'll be giving To the most high, you know I am living while I'm living to the father I will pray Only he knows how we get through every day With all the hike in the price , arm and leg we have to pay While our leaders play All I see is people ripping and robbing and grabbing Thief never love to see a thief with a long bag No love for the people who are suffering real bad Another toll to the poll may God help we soulWhat is to stop the youths from getting out of control Filled up with education yet don't own a payroll The clothes on my back has countless eye holes Could go on and on and full has never been told I am living while I'm living to the father I will pray Only he knows how we get through every day With all the hike in the price, arm and leg we have to pay While our leaders play I say who can afford to run will run But what about those who can't, they will have to stay Opportunity is a scarce commodity In these times I say, when mama spend her last to send you to class Never you ever playIt's a competitive world for low budget people Spending a dime while earning a nickel With no regards for who it may tickle My cup is full to the brim I coul d go on and on and full has never been told Through this life keep getting me down Don't give up now Got to survive some way some how I could go on and on and full has never been told I am living while I'm living to the father I will pray Only he knows how we get through every day With all the hike in the price, arm and leg we have to pay While our leaders play All I see is people ripping and robbing and grabbingThief never love to see a thief with a long bag No love for the people who are suffering real bad Another toll to the poll may God help we soul What is to stop the youths from getting out of control Filled up with education yet don't own a payroll The clothes on my back has countless eye holes Could go on and on and full has never been told I am living while I'm living to the father I will pray Only he knows how we get through every day With all the hike in the price, arm and leg we have to pay While our leaders play I say who can afford to run will runBut what about those w ho can't, they will have to stay Opportunity is a scarce commodity In these times I say, when mama spend her last to send you to class Never you ever play It's a competitive world for low budget people Spending a dime while earning a nickel With no regards for who it may tickle My cup is full to the brim I could go on and on and full has never been told Could go on and on and full has never been told Could go on and on and full has never been told Could go on and on and full has never been told Could go on and on and full has never been told

Free Essays on A Reflection Of The Gospel Of St. Mathew

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Admissability of Independent Expert Reports Essay

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